Fact Check

Did Health Experts 'Predict' New Coronavirus Could Kill 65 Million People?

Some details from a mock health exercise were confused with real-world reports.

Published Jan. 31, 2020

HONG KONG, CHINA - 2020/01/30: Hundreds of people wait in a queue to buy surgical masks at a Bonjour Cosmetics store. 
As coronavirus spreads, the World Health Organization will hold an emergency meeting on Thursday as officials consider whether to declare a public health emergency. (Photo by Keith Tsuji/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images) (Keith Tsuji/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
Image Via Keith Tsuji/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images
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Claim:
Health experts predicted the new coronavirus could kill 65 million people.

Amid growing public anxiety about an outbreak of a new coronavirus originating in China in late January 2020, various media outlets reported on a dire warning that suggested the virus could kill 65 million people annually.

The Daily Mail, for example, reported that health experts had "predicted" the virus could kill 65 million people in a year. The publication later issued a correction and updated its article.

Such stories were prompted by a mock pandemic health exercise run by Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security on Oct. 18, 2019. But that exercise did not "predict" the current virus would kill 65 million people.

Johns Hopkins released a statement countering the viral news stories (emphasis added):

In October 2019, the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security hosted a pandemic tabletop exercise called Event 201 with partners, the World Economic Forum and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Recently, the Center for Health Security has received questions about whether that pandemic exercise predicted the current novel coronavirus outbreak in China. To be clear, the Center for Health Security and partners did not make a prediction during our tabletop exercise. For the scenario, we modeled a fictional coronavirus pandemic, but we explicitly stated that it was not a prediction. Instead, the exercise served to highlight preparedness and response challenges that would likely arise in a very severe pandemic. We are not now predicting that the nCoV-2019 outbreak will kill 65 million people. Although our tabletop exercise included a mock novel coronavirus, the inputs we used for modeling the potential impact of that fictional virus are not similar to nCoV-2019.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, coronaviruses are "a large family of viruses that are common in many different species of animals, including camels, cattle, cats, and bats. Rarely, animal coronaviruses can infect people and then spread between people such as with MERS and SARS."

The coronavirus that was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, in China, is a respiratory illness dubbed 2019-nCoV that had killed 213 people in China as of this writing. On Jan. 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared it a global emergency. Chinese authorities have quarantined 50 million people in an unprecedented effort to contain the virus.

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Sources

Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. "Statement About nCoV and Our Pandemic Exercise."     24 January 2020.

Karlamangla, Soumya. "Coronavirus: China has Quarantined 50 Million People. Experts Worry That Might Backfire."    Los Angeles Times. 28 January 2020.

BBC. "Coronavirus Declared Global Health Emergency by WHO."     30 January 2020.

Boyd, Connor. "US Health Experts Hosted Fictional Coronavirus Pandemic 'Tabletop Exercise' Simulation to See How Authorities Would React - Three Months BEFORE the Outbreak in China."     24 January 2020.

Bethania Palma is a journalist from the Los Angeles area who started her career as a daily newspaper reporter and has covered everything from crime to government to national politics. She has written for ... read more

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