Fact Check

Does the Amish Community Own 20 Percent of American Puppy Mills?

The Amish do breed dogs for sale, but the portion of commercial kennels they own is not known.

Published Nov. 28, 2017

Claim:
The Amish own 20 percent of the nation's "puppy mills."

In late November 2017, a meme circulated on Facebook with the claim that the Amish community, a relatively small and isolated group of Christians who live throughout the American Northeast and Midwest and abide by the lifestyle and technology of a bygone era, own 20 percent of the nation's "puppy mills," a term used by animal advocates to refer to commercial dog breeding kennels:


It cannot be said with certainty what percentage of the nation's dog breeding for profit is done by members of the Amish community, because while some breeders are licensed and tracked by both their respective states and the federal government, many operate unregulated or illegally. According to the Humane Society of the United States, there are an estimated 10,000 licensed and unlicensed "puppy mills" in the nation.

In Pennsylvania and Ohio, which have the highest Amish populations, the vast majority of known commercial breeding kennels are in Lancaster and Holmes counties respectively; both counties have the nation's oldest and largest Amish population concentrations. According to Pennsylvania state records, there are 119 known commercial breeding kennels in Lancaster — although many are listed as closing, or have already closed. In Ohio, 134 of the state's total 268 breeding facilities are in Holmes County. The states do not track the religious views of the breeders.

Amish people make up a small percentage of Americans, with an estimated population of roughly 300,000. But, according to animal welfare groups, the Amish are prolific dog breeders, and in many of those operations, dogs are kept in poor conditions. In May 2017, the Pennsylvania Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals rescued 27 dogs from an illegal breeder in Lancaster County, SPCA spokeswoman Gillian Kocher told us. At least two, a yellow Labrador retriever and a bulldog, were in desperate need of immediate veterinary care. All the dogs were rehabilitated and adopted into permanent homes, she said, and the SPCA has pressed charges against the breeder.

According to the Humane Society, unlicensed breeders can mean terrible conditions for dogs, including neglect, untreated health problems, and dogs forced to produce litter after litter of puppies. HSUS's yearly list of 100 "horrible" breeders includes accounts of everything from shivering, wounded dogs to a breeder still in operation even though she shot a dog in the head in 2008. According to HSUS, these breeders continue to operate despite receiving multiple warnings and citations from law enforcement.

Because there are millions of unwanted pets in animal shelters, animal advocates generally encourage prospective pet owners to adopt from shelters and rescues instead of purchasing from breeders (but in cases where a breeder is preferred, HSUS also provides a checklist on how to find a responsible one). According to the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 3.3 million dogs enter shelters every year, and of those, 670,000 are euthanized. These numbers have been in decline since 2011, owing to an increase in the number of pets adopted and lost animals successfully reunited with owners.

Sources

Alfonsi, Sharyn, and Gerstien, Ted. "Puppies 'Viewed as Livestock' in Amish Community, Says Rescue Advocate."   ABC News. 27 March 2009.

DeCourcy Hinds, Michael. "Amish at Heart of 'Puppy Mill' Debate."   The New York Times. 20 September 1993.

ASPCA. "A Closer Look at Puppy Mills."

Humane Society of the United States. "The Horrible Hundred 2017: Uncovering U.S. Puppy Mills."   9 May 2017.

Bethania Palma is a journalist from the Los Angeles area who has been working in the news industry since 2006.